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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of a digital concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you have bitcoin-the-protocol, a distributed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The machine enables payments to be sent between users without passing via a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It is created and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, for example dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the first example of what we today call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset category that shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software programmer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto proposed bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment method based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, that may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
Bitcoins most important feature is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run through an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This brings individuals and groups who are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
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Bitcoin solves the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can readily be replicated and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to others. Holders of the currency (and especially citizens with very little alternative) keep the cost.
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Together with bitcoin, on the other hand, the distribution is closely controlled by the underlying algorithm. A small number of new bitcoins trickle every hour, and will continue to do so at a diminishing rate until a maximum of 21 million has been reached. This creates bitcoin more appealing as an advantage in theory, if demand grows and the supply remains the same, the value will increase. .
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept function in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol assesses all previous transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin as well as the authority to send them.
In practice, every user is identified by the address of their pocket. Transactions can, with a little effort, be monitored this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify consumers if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by law to perform identity checks on their clients before they're allowed to purchase or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin utilization can be tracked. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a particular transaction is visible to all.
This is because there's absolutely no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. If a transaction is recorded on the network, and if more than an hour has passed, then it's not possible to modify.
While this may disquiet a few, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, about one hundredth of Discover More a cent. This could conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Bitcoin is a digital currency, also known as a cryptocurrency. It was invented in 2008 with an anonymous person or group named Satoshi Nakamoto.